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{{For|the TV series|other uses|The Simpsons (disambiguation)}}

{{The Simpsons
|image = [[File:The Simpsons.png|300px]]<br>[[File:The Simpsons Simpsons FamilyPicture.png|300px]]
|Genre = Animation<br>Comedy
|Created By = [[Matt Groening]]
|Developed By = [[James L. Brooks]]<br>Matt Groening<br>[[Sam Simon]]
|Voices of = [[Dan Castellaneta]]<br>[[Julie Kavner]]<br>[[Nancy Cartwright]]<br>[[Yeardley Smith]]<br>[[Hank Azaria]]<br>[[Harry Shearer]]
|Theme music composer = [[Danny Elfman]]
|Opening Theme = "The Simpsons Theme"
|Composer(s) = [[Alf Clausen]] (until [[season 29]])<br>[[Bleeding Fingers Music]] (season 29 onwards)
|Country of Origin = [[United States]]
|Original Language(s) = English ([[Non-English versions|see dubbed versions here]])
|No. of Seasons = 35
|No. of episodes = {{Epnumber}} ([[list of episodes]])
|Executive Producer(s) = [[Al Jean]]<br>[[Ian Maxtone-Graham]]<br>[[John Frink]]<br>James L. Brooks<br>Matt Groening<br>[[Matt Selman]]<br>Sam Simon
|Running Time = 21-24 minutes
|Production Company = [[Gracie Films]]<br>[[20th Century Studios|20th Century Fox Television]] (1989–2020)<br>[[20th Television]] (2020–present; season 32 only for on-screen logo)<br>Fox Television Animation (2016-2020)<br>{{W|20th Television Animation}} (2020-present; season 33 onward for on-screen logo)
|Distributor = 20th Television (1992-2020)<br>{{W|Disney–ABC Domestic Television}} (2020-present)
|Original Channel = [[FOX]]
|Picture Format = 480i (SDTV) (1989–2009)<br>720p (HDTV) (2009–2013)<br>1080p (HDTV and Streaming) (2013- present)
|Audio Format = Stereo (1989–1991)<br>Dolby Surround (1991–2009)<br>Dolby Digital 5.1 (2009–present)
|Original run = December 17, 1989 – present
|website = https://www.disneyplus.com/series/the-simpsons/3ZoBZ52QHb4x
}}

'''''The Simpsons''''' is an American animated television sitcom created by [[Matt Groening]] and produced by the [[Fox Broadcasting Company]]. The main characters are a satire of a working class [[Simpson family|family]], consisting of lazy family father, [[Homer]], hard working stay-at-home mother, [[Marge]] and their three children, troublemaker [[Bart]], charismatic [[Lisa]], and pacifier-sucking [[Maggie]]. The series lampoons many aspects of American culture, history, politics, and society.

The cartoon made its debut as 60 second animated bumpers for the ''[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]'', with the first short airing on April 19, [[1987]]. The shorts were then expanded into a full length 30 minute television spin-off by [[20th Century Fox]], first airing on December 17, [[1989]]. As of {{CURRENTMONTHNAME}} [[{{CURRENTYEAR}}]], 34 seasons have aired, and a [[Season 35|35th season]] is going on and a [[Season 36|36th season]] are scheduled to premiere.

The series currently holds the record for the longest running primetime sitcom in the history of television, running for over 30 years since 1989, the most [[List of guest stars|guest stars]], and becoming the longest running program on FOX. 

''The Simpsons'' is also the most popular show on the Internet, with the most Facebook fans compared to other shows.<ref>[http://www.statista.com/chart/1342/most-beloved-tv-series-on-the-internet/ The Simpsons is the Most Beloved TV Show on the Internet]. Statista, Facebook, Twitter, Wikimedia. August 2013. Retrieved January 29, 2014.</ref>

== History ==
{{Main|History}}
The [[Simpson family]] were conceived in the lobby of [[James L. Brooks]]' office by Matt Groening. He was asked to do a series of animated shorts, and decided to do his ''Life in Hell'' series; but since he realized that animating ''Life in Hell'' would cause Fox to gain the copyright, so he chose another approach and formulated his version of a dysfunctional family. He named the characters after his own family, and substituted Bart for his own name; as it was an anagram of "brat".

[[File:The Tracey Ullman Simpsons.png|150px|thumb|left|The original [[Simpson family]] as seen on [[The Tracy Ullman Show]]: Left to right, [[Maggie]], [[Lisa]], [[Marge]], [[Homer]] and [[Bart]].]]

''The Simpsons'' first appeared to the world on April 19, [[1987]] on ''[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]''. Matt Groening submitted crudely drawn sketches of the family to the animators, assuming they would clean them up in production. However, the animators just re-traced over his drawings; that is why ''The Simpsons'' appear crudely drawn in the shorts. In 1989, a team of production companies adapted ''The Simpsons'' into a half-hour primetime series, for the FOX Broadcasting Company. FOX was initially nervous to air ''The Simpsons''; as there hasn't been a cartoon in primetime since ''[[The Flintstones]]'', and that they were unsure if they could keep the audience's attention for the duration of the episode. They proposed doing three seven-minute shorts and four specials until the audience adjusted, but the producers gambled for thirteen half-hour episodes for the series. ''The Simpsons'' was originally to premiere in the fall of 1989; with "[[Some Enchanted Evening]]", but when the episode came back from animation in Korea, it had major, major problems with it. [[James L. Brooks]] was extremely dissatisfied with the product and called for many parts of the episode to be redone. The producers then decided to just go ahead and air "[[Simpsons Roasting on an Open Fire]]", on December 17, 1989 as a Christmas Special.

== Production ==
=== Executive Producers ===
[[File:Simpsons Sundae Shop.jpg|thumb|left]]
Through the entire show's history, Matt Groening and James L. Brooks have served as the show's executive producers. [[Sam Simon]] was also in this position, although not credited. When Simon left in 1993, he arranged a deal to be credited as executive producer as well as get profits even though he no longer works on the show.

=== Writers ===
The first team of writers for ''The Simpsons'' were assembled by Sam Simon. These were: [[John Swartzwelder]], [[Jon Vitti]], [[George Meyer]], [[Jeff Martin]], [[Al Jean]], [[Mike Reiss]], [[Jay Kogen]] and [[Wallace Wolodarsky]]. Newer Simpsons writing teams usually have 16 writers and episode ideas are thought of and proposed in early December. The main writer writes the first draft and the group changes it, adding in jokes and removing parts they don't like. This can sometimes change a script entirely. Up until 2004, the head of these groups was [[George Meyer]], who apparently wrote a lot of the best lines from episodes. But the idea of all this came from the magic hand of Matt Groening who invented the pictures

=== Voice Actors ===
==== Main cast actors ====
{{Table|width="99%"|
{{TH|[[Dan Castellaneta]]}}
{{TH|[[Julie Kavner]]}}
{{TH|[[Nancy Cartwright]]}}
{{TH|[[Yeardley Smith]]}}
{{TH|[[Hank Azaria]]}}
{{TH|[[Harry Shearer]]}}
{{TBT|[[Homer Simpson]]<br>[[Abraham Simpson]]<br>[[Barney Gumble]]<br>[[Krusty the Clown]]<br>[[Groundskeeper Willie]]<br>[[Mayor Quimby]]<br>[[Hans Moleman]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Dan Castellaneta|Many others]]}}
{{TB|[[Marge Simpson]]<br>[[Patty]]<br>[[Selma]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Julie Kavner|Others]]}}
{{TB|[[Bart]]<br>[[Nelson]]<br>[[Ralph]]<br>[[Todd Flanders]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Nancy Cartwright|Others]]}}
{{TB|[[Lisa]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Yeardley Smith|Others]]}}
{{TB|[[Moe]]<br>[[Chief Wiggum]]<br>[[Apu]]<br>[[Comic Book Guy]]<br>[[Carl]]<br>[[Cletus]]<br>[[Professor Frink]]<br>[[Dr. Nick]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Hank Azaria|Many others]]}}
{{TB|[[Mr. Burns]]<br>[[Smithers]]<br>[[Ned Flanders]]<br>[[Reverend Timothy Lovejoy|Rev. Lovejoy]]<br>[[Kent Brockman]]<br>[[Julius Hibbert]]<br>[[Lenny]]<br>[[Principal Skinner]]<br>[[Otto]]<br>[[Rainier Wolfcastle]]<br>[[:Category:Characters voiced by Harry Shearer|Many others]]}}
}}

[[Dan Castellaneta]] and [[Julie Kavner]] were already members of "[[The Tracey Ullman Show]]". Rather than hire more actors for voices for ''The Simpsons'' animated shorts, the producers asked both Castellaneta and Kavner to provide the voices of characters [[Homer]] and [[Marge]]. [[Yeardley Smith]] originally wanted to play the role of [[Bart]], but the producers found her voice too "girlish". Instead, she was given the role of [[Bart]]'s sister, [[Lisa Simpson]]. [[Bart]] was voiced by [[Nancy Cartwright]], who originally auditioned for the role of Lisa but decided to be the voice of Bart instead after finding out that Lisa had a lack of personality at the time, while the character of Bart was "devious, underachieving, school-hating, irreverent, and clever".

[[Hank Azaria]] was a voice actor for the short-lived cartoon "Hollywood Dog" at the time. The casting director of the cartoon was also casting director of ''The Simpsons'', and Hank signed up for the role of [[Moe Syzlak]]. Later, he voiced several other characters, including [[Chief Wiggum]] and [[Apu]]. [[Harry Shearer]] was reluctant to be a voice actor on the show but was convinced by [[James L. Brooks]] to join the cast "after three phone calls."

==== Guest stars ====
Over the years, ''The Simpsons'' has had many guest stars voicing either themselves or other characters in the show. Many only appear for one episode but a few often voice their character multiple times, the most obvious being [[Phil Hartman]] ([[Troy McClure]] and [[Lionel Hutz]]), [[Kelsey Grammer]] ([[Sideshow Bob]]) and [[Joe Mantegna]] ([[Fat Tony]]).

''The Simpsons'' currently holds the {{W|Guinness World Record}} for most guest stars featured in a TV series.<ref>[http://community.guinnessworldrecords.com/_20-Years-of-The-Simpsons/blog/1711773/7691.html Guinness World Records]</ref>

== Premises ==
[[File:Simpsons cast.png|thumb|left|261px|''The Simpsons'' and several recurring characters on the show.]]
[[File:AllSimpsonsCharacters.png|right|thumb|261px|Many Simpsons characters]]

=== Characters ===
The Simpsons is known for its wide ensemble of main and supporting characters.

The main characters are the [[Simpson family]], who live in a fictional "Middle American" town of Springfield.<ref name="Turner28">Turner, p. 28</ref> Homer, the father, works as a safety inspector at the [[Springfield Nuclear Power Plant]], a position at odds with his careless, buffoonish personality. He is married to [[Marge Bouvier]], a stereotypical American housewife and mother. They have three children: Bart, a ten-year-old troublemaker and prankster; Lisa, a precocious eight-year-old activist; and [[Maggie]], the baby of the family who rarely speaks, but communicates by sucking on a pacifier. The family owns a dog, [[Santa's Little Helper]], and a cat, [[Snowball II]]. Both pets have had starring roles in several episodes. Despite the passing of yearly milestones such as holidays or birthdays, the [[Simpson family|Simpsons]] do not physically age and still appear just as they did at the end of the 1980s. Although the family is dysfunctional, many episodes examine their relationships and bonds with each other and they are often shown to care about one another.<ref>{{cite video | people=Oakley, Bill|date=2005|title=The Simpsons season 7 DVD commentary for the episode "Home Sweet Homediddly-Dum-Doodily"| medium=DVD|publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref>

The show includes an array of quirky characters: co-workers, teachers, family friends, extended relatives, townspeople and local celebrities. The creators originally intended many of these characters as one-time jokesters or for fulfilling needed functions in the town. A number of them have gained expanded roles and subsequently starred in their own episodes. According to Matt Groening, the show adopted the concept of a large supporting cast from the comedy show "Second City Television".<ref name="avclub1">{{cite web|url=http://www.avclub.com/content/node/47771/1|title=Matt Groening: Interview|accessdate=2006-10-22|author=Rabin, Nathan|date=2006-04-26|publisher=The A.V. Club}}</ref>

<gallery>
File:Homer Simpson.png|Homer
File:Marge Simpson.png|Marge
File:Bart Simpson.png|Bart
File:Lisa Simpson.png|Lisa
File:Maggie Simpson.png|Maggie
File:Abraham Simpson.png|Abe
</gallery>

=== Setting ===
[[File:Springfield.png|200px|thumb|right|Springfield]]
The show takes place in the fictional town of [[Springfield]], which was partially based on [[Matt Groening]]'s hometown of {{W|Portland, Oregon}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.portlandtribune.com/news/story.php?story_id=12392|title=Matt Groening's Portland|accessdate=2007-08-04|author=Hamilton, Don|date=2002-07-19|publisher=''{{W|Portland Tribune|Portland Tribune}}''}}</ref> but according to the producers, it was supposed to represent any town in the United States of America. The [[Springfield's state|state]] that [[Springfield]] is in located is never mentioned in the series, a fact that has become an joke throughout the series. [[David Silverman]] once jokingly claimed that the state was "North Takoma". This may have been so during one scene when the Simpsons' car is visible from the rear, and that state's registration tag reads "NT".<ref name="NT">{{cite news|author=Laura Lee Davies |url=http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/other/interviews/oakley.silverman.html|title=Bill Oakley & David Silverman|publisher=''{{W2|Time Out|company}}''|date=1996-09-25|accessdate=2008-04-28}}</ref>

== Hallmarks ==
=== Opening sequence ===
{{Main|Opening sequence}}
''See also [[Couch gag]], [[Chalkboard gag]]'', ''[[Billboard gag]]''

The opening sequence is one of the most memorable hallmarks and running jokes of the series. The opening sequence differs from episode to episode. Prior to the show's transition to HD format, three elements of the opening sequence constantly change: a Chalkboard gag, Lisa's saxophone solo, and a couch gag. The Chalkboard gag involves [[Bart]] writing a sentence repeatedly on a chalkboard at [[Springfield Elementary]], and the couch gag involves the Simpsons family sitting on the couch in the living room, usually accompanied with a visual joke, i.e. the couch turning into a giant octopus and eating the entire family. Lisa's saxophone solo in the opening sequence is different each episode.

After the show's transition to HD format, the opening sequence was changed heavily to fit the new format, including the addition of many recurring characters into the sequence. 2 additional gags were added: a Billboard which changes each episode, and sometimes a sequence with various gags in the sky.

== Trivia ==
*''The Simpsons'' was voted 1st in ''The 100 Greatest Cartoons''.

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
*[https://www.disneyplus.com/series/the-simpsons/3ZoBZ52QHb4x Official website]
*{{IMDb|title/tt0096697/|''The Simpsons''}}
*{{Wikipedialink}}
*{{Twitterpage|thesimpsons}}
*{{Facebook|thesimpsons}}

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